Consider the following assumptions regarding Pugmark method
1. The entire potential tiger habitat in India had to be effectively covered during the pugmark census.
2. All the four paw prints of every individual tiger in the surveyed area had to be detected during the censuses.
3. The same hind pugmark of each one of these individual tigers must be lifted from suitable and comparable substrates or from standardized soil track-plots.
4. The shape of each pugmark lifted had to be recorded without distortion by the thousands of census personnel involved in the operation.
5. Supervisory officials were expected to be subsequently able to segregate the pugmarks of each individual tiger correctly, based on footprint shape, track measurements, and prior local knowledge.
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http://www.conservationindia.org/articles/why-the-pugmark-census-used-to-monitor-tiger-populations-failed